What is the paper mill sludge?
Pulp and paper mill sludge (PPMS) is an organic residual generated from the wastewater treatments. PPMS management involves economic, environmental and social costs that will likely increase in the future as landfilling tends to be reduced or banned in certain jurisdictions.
What is paper sludge used for?
The most common options for the processing of paper industry sludge range from their exploitation for agricultural purposes, composting, or use as a primary material in the manufacture of ceramics and cement (Moo-Young & Zimmie, 1997; Ahmadi & Al-Khaja, 2001; Lima & Dal Molin, 2005; Conesa et al., 2008), to energy …
What is paper sludge made of?
Paper mill sludges are composed of organic matter (mainly cellulose fiber from wood or recycled paper) in which organic compounds are added to the paper or pulp while inorganic compounds (mainly calcium carbonate, kaolinite and talc) are also utilized [4].
Is the most difficult to treat in the stream of wastewater from pulp & paper industry?
Pollutants from various stages of bleaching of kraft pulps are among the most difficult to remove from wastewater (Prat et al.
What is lime sludge?
Get Latest Price. Carbide lime sludge is a high quality hydrated lime slurry. Composed mainly of calcium hydroxide with minor parts of carbonate – and compares its features to those of “dry” hydrated lime (hl) commonly used as a building material.
What is the expected BOD removal after both primary and secondary treatment?
A sewage treatment plant providing both primary and secondary treatment is expected to remove at least 85 percent of the BOD and suspended solids from domestic sewage.
What is zero liquid discharge Mcq?
Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) is a treatment process designed to remove all the liquid waste from a system. The focus of ZLD is to reduce wastewater economically and produce clean water that is suitable for reuse (e.g. irrigation), thereby saving money and being beneficial to the environment.
How is sludge disposed?
The final destination of treated sewage sludge usually is the land. Dewatered sludge can be buried underground in a sanitary landfill. It also may be spread on agricultural land in order to make use of its value as a soil conditioner and fertilizer.
What are the two uses of sludge?
Sludge is usually treated before disposal to reduce water content, fermentation propensity and pathogens by making use of treatment processes like thickening, dewatering, stabilisation, disinfection and thermal drying.
What do you do with lime sludge?
Lime sludge can be used as an environmental sorbent to remove sulfur dioxide (SO2) and acid gases, by the ultra-fine CaCO3 particles, and to sequester mercury and other heavy metals, by the Natural Organic Matter and residual activated carbon.
What is the most common method of disposal for sludge created by the softening process?
The most common disposal method for water treatment plant sludge is landfilling.